Featured Articles

Photo by Yichun Zhang
dynamic-tracing
...
openresty-xray bilibili
8 mins read

How a Single "0" Took Down Bilibili — Every Server at 100% CPU, and Reboots Didn't Help

How a Single "0" Took Down Bilibili — Every Server at 100% CPU, and Reboots Didn't Help

Binary Vulnerability Scanning: Catch Backported Patches, Cut False Positives
security
...
vulnerability openresty-xray cve
10 mins read

Binary Vulnerability Scanning: Catch Backported Patches, Cut False Positives

Binary Vulnerability Scanning: Catch Backported Patches, Cut False Positives

Introduction to OpenResty XRay
openresty-xray
...
nginx
6 mins read

Introduction to OpenResty XRay

Introduction to OpenResty XRay

Nginx Reverse Proxy QPS Dropped 15x: A Missing upstream keepalive and an -O0 Debug Build
openresty-xray
...
case-study lua nginx off-cpu
4 mins read

Nginx Reverse Proxy QPS Dropped 15x: A Missing upstream keepalive and an -O0 Debug Build

Nginx Reverse Proxy QPS Dropped 15x: A Missing upstream keepalive and an -O0 Debug Build

Non-Invasive Java Profiler: Capture Method Arguments in Production Without a Java Agent
openresty-xray
...
java probe
4 mins read

Non-Invasive Java Profiler: Capture Method Arguments in Production Without a Java Agent

Non-Invasive Java Profiler: Capture Method Arguments in Production Without a Java Agent

Photo by Philip Brown
dynamic-tracing
...
openresty-xray
26 mins read

The Wonderland of Dynamic Tracing (Part 1 of 3)

The Wonderland of Dynamic Tracing (Part 1 of 3)

Photo by Jose G. Ortega Castro
nginx
...
openresty memory openresty-xray dynamic-tracing
13 mins read

How OpenResty and Nginx Shared Memory Zones Consume RAM

How OpenResty and Nginx Shared Memory Zones Consume RAM

Photo by Harrison Broadbent
nginx
...
openresty memory luajit openresty-xray dynamic-tracing
13 mins read

Nginx Memory Usage Explained: Where the RAM Actually Goes

Nginx Memory Usage Explained: Where the RAM Actually Goes

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Latest Articles

OpenResty Edge Aug 10, 2026

OpenResty Edge Updated Aug 10, 2026 6 mins read

OpenResty Edge Static Files: Serve Assets from the Gateway with No Back-to-Source

tutorial openresty-edge static resource
  • Upload static files to the Global Static File storage
  • Create a page rule to serve them directly from the gateway
  • Test exact match, directory prefix, and ignored prefix
  • Upload static files to the Global Static File storage
  • Create a page rule to serve them directly from the gateway
  • Test exact match, directory prefix, and ignored prefix

OpenResty Edge Aug 10, 2026

OpenResty Edge Updated Aug 10, 2026 6 mins read

OpenResty Edge TCP Load Balancing: Proxy TCP Services Without Editing Nginx Config

tutorial openresty-edge proxy
  • Create a TCP (stream) application in OpenResty Edge
  • Add an upstream and page rule for TCP load balancing
  • Test the TCP proxy by connecting to MySQL through an edge node
  • Frequently asked questions
  • Create a TCP (stream) application in OpenResty Edge
  • Add an upstream and page rule for TCP load balancing
  • Test the TCP proxy by connecting to MySQL through an edge node
  • Frequently asked questions

OpenResty Edge Aug 25, 2026

OpenResty Edge Updated Aug 25, 2026 8 mins read

OpenResty Edge Error Logs: View Application, Global & Gateway Server Logs

tutorial openresty-edge error log
  • How to view application error logs in OpenResty Edge
  • Filtering error logs by Request ID, gateway, server, and log level
  • The three types of global error logs (Global, Admin Site, Log Server)
  • How to check the error.log file on gateway and Admin servers
  • How to view application error logs in OpenResty Edge
  • Filtering error logs by Request ID, gateway, server, and log level
  • The three types of global error logs (Global, Admin Site, Log Server)
  • How to check the error.log file on gateway and Admin servers

OpenResty Edge Aug 10, 2026

OpenResty Edge Updated Aug 10, 2026 7 mins read

How to Enable Sticky Cookies in OpenResty Edge (Session Affinity)

tutorial openresty-edge cookie
  • How sticky cookies keep session affinity in OpenResty Edge
  • Enable sticky cookies for an upstream (server-level)
  • Test that every request hits the same backend
  • Disable sticky cookies and return to round robin
  • Test again and watch traffic spread across backends
  • Frequently asked questions
  • How sticky cookies keep session affinity in OpenResty Edge
  • Enable sticky cookies for an upstream (server-level)
  • Test that every request hits the same backend
  • Disable sticky cookies and return to round robin
  • Test again and watch traffic spread across backends
  • Frequently asked questions

OpenResty Edge Aug 25, 2026

OpenResty Edge Updated Aug 25, 2026 8 mins read

How to Manage Kubernetes Upstreams in OpenResty Edge as Pods Scale

tutorial openresty-edge kubernetes upstream
  • How to create and use Kubernetes upstream
    • Create Kubernetes cluster
    • Create Kubernetes upstream
    • Create a page rule that uses Kubernetes upstream
    • Test: scale the pods and watch the upstream auto-update
  • How to create and use Kubernetes upstream
    • Create Kubernetes cluster
    • Create Kubernetes upstream
    • Create a page rule that uses Kubernetes upstream
    • Test: scale the pods and watch the upstream auto-update

OpenResty XRay Aug 27, 2026

OpenResty XRay Updated Aug 27, 2026 6 mins read

How to deploy the on-premises version of OpenResty XRay on Microsoft's Azure cloud

tutorial openresty-xray azure
  • Create a subscription and a resource group
  • Create the Azure Kubernetes service
  • Prepare the environment variables
  • Log in to Azure from the command line
  • Create the namespace and secret for Kubernetes
  • Create the Azure Disk
  • Update the configuration file for the persistent volume
  • Update the Kubernetes configuration file
  • Create the persistent volume
  • Deploy the Kubernetes service
  • Configure the application gateway
  • Create a subscription and a resource group
  • Create the Azure Kubernetes service
  • Prepare the environment variables
  • Log in to Azure from the command line
  • Create the namespace and secret for Kubernetes
  • Create the Azure Disk
  • Update the configuration file for the persistent volume
  • Update the Kubernetes configuration file
  • Create the persistent volume
  • Deploy the Kubernetes service
  • Configure the application gateway

OpenResty Edge Aug 25, 2026

OpenResty Edge Updated Aug 25, 2026 7 mins read

OpenResty Edge gRPC Proxy: Distributed Reverse Proxy & Load Balancer with TLS Termination

tutorial openresty-edge proxy grpc
  • Prepare a sample gRPC server and test it with grpcurl
  • Add the gRPC server as an upstream and enable the gRPC proxy in a page rule
  • Terminate TLS at the gateway and verify the gRPC proxy end to end
  • Prepare a sample gRPC server and test it with grpcurl
  • Add the gRPC server as an upstream and enable the gRPC proxy in a page rule
  • Terminate TLS at the gateway and verify the gRPC proxy end to end

OpenResty Edge Aug 4, 2026

OpenResty Edge Updated Aug 4, 2026 7 mins read

OpenResty Edge WAF: Enable, Test, and Block Attacks

tutorial openresty-edge waf
  • Enable the WAF for an Application in Log-Only Mode
  • Send a Test Attack and Review the WAF Logs
  • Disable and Re-enable Individual WAF Rules
  • Add a WAF Whitelist to Save CPU Cycles
  • Return 403 on a WAF Hit: Sensitivity and Risk-Score Thresholds
  • Verify the 403 Block in the WAF Logs
  • Create Your Own WAF Rule Set in EdgeLang
  • FAQ: WAF on OpenResty
  • Enable the WAF for an Application in Log-Only Mode
  • Send a Test Attack and Review the WAF Logs
  • Disable and Re-enable Individual WAF Rules
  • Add a WAF Whitelist to Save CPU Cycles
  • Return 403 on a WAF Hit: Sensitivity and Risk-Score Thresholds
  • Verify the 403 Block in the WAF Logs
  • Create Your Own WAF Rule Set in EdgeLang
  • FAQ: WAF on OpenResty

OpenResty Edge Aug 26, 2026

OpenResty Edge Updated Aug 26, 2026 7 mins read

EdgeLang Tutorial: How to Write Gateway & WAF Rules in OpenResty Edge

tutorial openresty-edge proxy
  • How EdgeLang Compiles Rules for Speed
  • How to Write an EdgeLang Page Rule (URL Redirect Example)
  • Test the EdgeLang Rule with curl
  • Modify an EdgeLang Rule: Exact vs. Prefix Match
  • How to Write WAF Rules in EdgeLang
  • EdgeLang User Manual and More Examples
  • FAQ
  • How EdgeLang Compiles Rules for Speed
  • How to Write an EdgeLang Page Rule (URL Redirect Example)
  • Test the EdgeLang Rule with curl
  • Modify an EdgeLang Rule: Exact vs. Prefix Match
  • How to Write WAF Rules in EdgeLang
  • EdgeLang User Manual and More Examples
  • FAQ

OpenResty Open Source Aug 24, 2026

OpenResty Open Source Updated Aug 24, 2026 2 mins read

OpenResty 1.21.4.2 RC1 is out

openresty releases
  • Source package
  • Windows binary packages
  • Version highlights
  • Source package
  • Windows binary packages
  • Version highlights

OpenResty XRay Aug 28, 2026

OpenResty XRay Updated Aug 28, 2026 26 mins read

The Wonderland of Dynamic Tracing (Part 1 of 3)

dynamic-tracing openresty-xray
  • Dynamic Tracing
  • What It Is
  • Too Good to be True?
  • How it Works
  • Still Having Doubts?
  • The Advantages of Dynamic Tracing
  • DTrace
  • SystemTap
  • DTrace and SystemTap
  • Applications of SystemTap in Production
Photo by Philip Brown
  • Dynamic Tracing
  • What It Is
  • Too Good to be True?
  • How it Works
  • Still Having Doubts?
  • The Advantages of Dynamic Tracing
  • DTrace
  • SystemTap
  • DTrace and SystemTap
  • Applications of SystemTap in Production

OpenResty XRay Jun 26, 2026

OpenResty XRay Updated Jun 26, 2026 6 mins read

The Wonderland of Dynamic Tracing (Part 3 of 3)

dynamic-tracing openresty-xray
  • Dynamic Tracing Support in Linux Kernels
  • Hardware Tracing
  • Analyze Remains of Dead Process
  • Traditional Debugging Technologies
  • A Messy World of Debugging
  • OpenResty XRay
Photo by L N
  • Dynamic Tracing Support in Linux Kernels
  • Hardware Tracing
  • Analyze Remains of Dead Process
  • Traditional Debugging Technologies
  • A Messy World of Debugging
  • OpenResty XRay

OpenResty XRay Sep 10, 2026

OpenResty XRay Updated Sep 10, 2026 1 min read

New FAQ Doc for OpenResty XRay

openresty-xray faq
We recently prepared a new FAQ document for OpenResty XRay
Photo by Yichun Zhang
We recently prepared a new FAQ document for OpenResty XRay
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